The way businesses and organizations operate in today’s modern world is changing dramatically. Everything is being digitized, and the introduction of the cloud and cloud computing platforms has been a major driving force behind this expansion.
Today, most businesses use or plan to use cloud computing for many of their operations, which has resulted in a massive increase in the demand for cloud professionals.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a cloud computing service provided by Amazon. AWS enables the development, testing, deployment, and management of applications and services. All of this is done through Amazon’s data centers and hardware. AWS offers Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solutions.
AWS can be used to create Virtual Machines that are equipped with processing power, storage capacity, analytics, networking, and device management. AWS provides a pay-as-you-go model, which allows you to avoid upfront costs and pay based on monthly usage.
The following is a list of the most frequently asked AWS Interview Questions and Answers:
1. Define and explain the three basic types of cloud services, as well as the AWS products built on them.
The three primary types of cloud services are as follows:
➔ Computing
➔ Storage
➔ Networking
Here are some AWS products that are based on the three types of cloud services:
➔ Computing services such as EC2, Elastic Beanstalk, Lambda, Auto-Scaling, and Lightsat are examples.
➔ S3, Glacier, Elastic Block Storage, and Elastic File System are examples of storage services.
➔ VPC, Amazon CloudFront, and Route53 are examples of networking services.
2. What do you mean by auto-scaling?
Auto-scaling is a feature that allows you to provision and launch new instances as needed. It enables you to automatically increase or decrease resource capacity based on demand.
3. What exactly is EC2?
EC2 is a cloud-based virtual machine over which you have full OS control. You can use this cloud server whenever you want and when you need to deploy your servers in the cloud, similar to your on-premises servers, and when you want complete control over the machine’s hardware and updates.
4. What do you mean by SnowBall?
SnowBall is a small application that allows you to transfer terabytes of data both inside and outside of the Amazon Web Services (AWS) environment.
5. What exactly is CloudWatch?
CloudWatch monitors AWS environments such as EC2, RDS Instances, and CPU utilization. It also generates alarms based on various metrics.
6. What is meant by Elastic Transcoder?
Elastic Transcoder is an AWS Service Tool that allows you to change the format and resolution of a video to support different devices such as tablets, smartphones, and laptops with different resolutions.
7. Which type of Cloud Service includes DNS and Load Balancer Services?
IaaS-Storage Cloud Service includes DNS and Load Balancer.
8. What exactly do you mean by VPC?
VPC is an abbreviation for Virtual Private Cloud. It enables you to personalize your network configuration. A virtual private cloud (VPC) is a network that is logically isolated from other networks in the cloud. It provides you with your private IP address range, internet gateways, subnets, and security groups.
9. What exactly are T2 instances?
T2 Instances are intended to provide moderate baseline performance as well as the ability to burst to higher performance as needed by the workload.
10. What is AWS Key-Pairs?
Key-Pairs are password-protected login credentials for your Virtual Machines. To connect to the instances, Key-Pairs with a Public Key and a Private Key can be used.
11. How many Subnets are allowed in a VPC?
Each VPC can have up to 200 Subnets.
12. Describe the various types of cloud services.
Cloud Services are classified into the following categories:
A. Software as a Service (SaaS) (SaaS)
B. Data as a Service (DAAS) (DaaS)
C. Platform as a Service (PAAS) (PaaS)
D. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) (IaaS)
13. How do you upgrade or downgrade a system with little to no downtime?
The following migration steps can be used to upgrade or downgrade a system with near-zero downtime:
➔ Launch the EC2 console.
➔ Select the AMI Operating System.
➔ Initiate a new instance with the new instance type.
➔ Install all the updates
➔ Setup applications
➔ Check to see if the instance is operational.
➔ If everything is fine, deploy the new instance and replace the old one. ➔ Once installed, you can upgrade or downgrade the system with little to no downtime.
14. Is there an alternative tool to the console for logging into the cloud environment?
The following can assist you in logging into AWS resources:
➔ Putty
➔ AWS CLI for Linux
➔ AWS CLI for Windows
➔ AWS CLI for Windows CMD
➔ AWS SDK
➔ Eclipse
15. What are the different types of virtualization in AWS, and how do they differ?
In AWS, the three major types of virtualization are:
➔ Hardware Virtual Machine (HVM)
It is a fully virtualized hardware in which all virtual machines operate independently of one another. These virtual machines boot by executing a master boot record in your image’s root block device.
➔ Paravirtualization (PV)
The bootloader that boots the PV AMIs is called paravirtualization-GRUB. The PV-GRUB chain executes the kernel that was specified in the menu.
➔ Paravirtualization on HVM
PV on HVM enables operating systems to take advantage of the host’s storage and network I/O.
16. Name a few AWS services that are not region-specific.
AWS services that are not region-specific include:
➔ IAM
➔ Route 53
➔ Web Application Firewall
➔ CloudFront
17. What exactly is CloudWatch?
Amazon CloudWatch contributes to the triggering of alarms based on a variety of metrics. Monitors AWS environments such as CPU utilization, EC2, Amazon RDS instances, Amazon SQS, S3, Load Balancer, SNS, and so on.
18. What is the distinction between stopping and terminating an EC2 instance?
While you may believe that stopping and terminating are synonymous, there is a distinction. When you stop an EC2 instance, it performs a normal shutdown and moves to a stopped state. When you terminate the instance, it is transferred to a stopped state, and the EBS volumes attached to it are deleted and cannot be recovered.
19. Explain briefly about AWS?
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world’s most comprehensive and widely used cloud platform, with over 200 fully-featured services available from data centers around the world.
AWS provides services such as servers, storage, networking, remote computing, email, mobile development, and security.
20. Why should you use AWS for DevOps?
There are numerous advantages to utilizing AWS for DevOps. Here are a few examples:
➔ AWS is a ready-to-use service that does not necessitate any additional software or setups to get started.
➔ Whether it’s one instance or hundreds at a time, AWS’s provision of computational resources is limitless.
➔ The AWS pay-as-you-go policy will keep your pricing and budgets in check, ensuring that you can mobilize enough while receiving an equal return on investment.
➔ AWS brings DevOps practices closer to automation, allowing you to build faster and achieve better results in terms of development, deployment, and testing processes.
➔ AWS services are easily accessible via the command-line interface or through the use of SDKs and APIs, making them highly programmable and effective.
21. What do you know about AWS in DevOps?
AWS is Amazon’s cloud service platform that enables users to easily carry out DevOps practices. The tools provided will greatly assist in automating manual tasks, allowing teams to manage complex environments and engineers to work efficiently with the high velocity that DevOps provides.
22. What is AWS DevOps CodePipeline?
AWS CodePipeline is a service that provides continuous integration and delivery services. It also includes provisions for infrastructure updates. With the set release model protocols that a user defines, operations such as building, testing, and deploying after every single build become very simple. CodePipeline ensures that you can reliably and quickly deliver new software updates and features.
23. How can a company such as Amazon.com benefit from AWS DevOps?
Amazon, like any other eCommerce site, is primarily concerned with automating all frontend and backend activities seamlessly. This is easily accomplished when combined with CodeDeploy, allowing developers to focus on building the product rather than deployment methodologies.
24. What exactly is AWS Lambda in the context of AWS DevOps?
AWS Lambda is a computation service that allows users to run code without explicitly provisioning or managing servers. Users can run any piece of code for their applications or services using AWS Lambda without prior integration. It’s as simple as uploading a piece of code and letting Lambda handle everything else necessary to run and scale it.
25. What is AWS DevOps Microservices?
Microservice architectures are the design approaches used when constructing a single application as a collection of services. Each of these services has its process structure and communicates with the others via a structured interface that is both lightweight and simple to use. The majority of this communication is based on HTTP and API requests.
Bottom Line:
Here were’s some of the most important AWS interview questions which can help a fresher and an expert as well. Check out our AWS SOLUTION ARCHITECT ASSOCIATE to be an expert.